Separate eggs into two bowls and set aside.
Chop chocolate and either melt in a double broiler over gently simmering water or place in a glass bowl and melt in the microwave on 50% power. See notes for microwave melting tips*
Stir room temperature butter pieces into melted chocolate and whisk until completely incorporated.
Whisk in flour and sugar.
Beat eggs yolks gently before whisking slowly into warm (but not hot) chocolate mixture.
In a separate bowl beat egg whites until they are firm enough to hold peaks but not to the point where they are dry. See notes for egg white tips*
Using a rubber spatula gently fold 1/3 of the egg whites into the chocolate mixture to lighten it. Add remaining egg whites and gently fold them into the batter until no large pieces of egg white remain. Be careful not to deflate the egg whites during this process. See the post for more info on how to fold egg whites into batter.
Scrape batter into prepared pan and smooth top. Place in 425°f oven and bake for 11 minutes*. After 11 minutes, turn off the oven and open the oven door but leave the cake inside. Let cake cool in the oven for 30 minutes before removing and allowing it to cool completely at room temperature.
*If using an 8" pan let it cook 13 minutes before turning the oven off
To Serve: Unmold cake, cut into 10 wedges and serve sprinkled with powdered sugar or topped with whipped cream (see notes for how to make whipped cream)
You can cover and chill the cake if not eating right away. It will be very dense once chilled. It's best slightly warm and will soften up once reheated. I suggest 10 seconds in the microwave from room temp or 15-20 if chilled.